Itha kutsitsa zomwe zimachitika, kusungabe mankhwala, kumachepetsa kusokonezeka kwa zinthu, pewani kuwunika, kuwola kwa mafuta kapena kuchuluka kwa maxidal. Zimaphatikizapo mchere wotsogola, sopo wachitsulo, tinic tinic, chamoyo, organic orters, zopangidwa ndi zolengedwa zoyera. Olimbitsa thupi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mafakitale makamaka, sopo wachitsulo, ma tortic antic, organic mankhwala opangira zachilengedwe, enc.
1.1 ectin
. Kugwiritsa ntchito mokhazikika kwa okhazikika mu kapangidwe ka PVC kumatha kutulutsa zinthu za crystalline. Chifukwa cha izi, tanic tanic itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabotolo, matabwa okhalamo, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ziweto zolimba, hoses, mafilimu, mafilimu, etc.
. Chifukwa chake, ndichitetezo chomwe chimakonda chifukwa cha RVC, ndipo mitundu ina imakhala bwino pazinthu zofewa. Choyenera kwa onse a pvc Homeolionrs, monga emulsion, kuyimitsidwa ndi kukwezedwa kwa PVC, komanso vinyl chloride aprolide, ma poizoni ndi polymer.
(3) Chogulitsacho sichili chopanda poizoni. Okhazikika kwambiri orlotin sakhala poizoni, ndipo kusamuka kwa okhazikika a Erlotin ku Rigid PVC ndi ochepa. Chifukwa chake, kukhazikika kwarlotin ndi okhazikika okhazikika pa PVC kuti mumve.
(4) Kugwirizana kwabwino. Okhazikika okhazikika ali ndi luso logwirizana ndi pvc, ndiye kuti palibe mpweya wobiriwira, monga kutsogolera kutentha mchere ndi zitsulo zachitsulo.
. Chifukwa chake, mabungwe ambiri opezeka pamalonda okhala ndi mafuta okhala ndi mafuta kuti ateteze kutentha kusungunuka kuti asakonzekere zida pamakonzedwe.
(6) Mtengo wambiri poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina ya okhazikika, ntchito yonse yotsimikizika yokhazikika yarrotin ili pafupi ndi Standa Yoyenera. Komabe, okhazikika onse okhazikika, mosasamala kanthu za kapangidwe kawo, khalani ndi vuto lalikulu lomwe mtengo wawo wopanga ndi wokwera kwambiri kuposa wokhazikika kapena sopo wachitsulo. M'zaka zaposachedwa, potengera ukadaulo watsopano wopangidwa, kapena kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito kwake m'njira, mtengo wake wa formula wafupika. Mu 1970, mayiko akunja adapanga zinthu zazing'onoting'ono zotsika mtengo, zomwe zidachepetsa zomwe zili pamiyala, zomwe zimachepetsa mtengo pamlingo wina.
1.2 Kutsogolera mchere
. Kutsogolera kwankhasunthe
(2) Zabwino kwambiri. Chifukwa chotsogolera mchere sichikhala chopanda Ionic komanso chosakhala chosagwira, ndizopanda chidwi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kutsimikizira mchere kuzigwiritsa ntchito mwaya ndi zingwe.
(3) Kukana nyengo yabwino. Mafuta ambiri amatha kukhala ngati utoto woyera ndipo amatha kukhala ndi mphamvu yophimba kwambiri, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa nyengo.
. Akagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mawaya, zingwe ndi zida zojambulidwa, palibe chifukwa chosamalira kuwonekera, chifukwa ambiri omwe amapanga ndi oyera kapena akuda kwambiri.
(5) Chitsulo chotsika mtengo chotsika mtengo ndi mtengo wotsika kwambiri pakati pa okhazikika onse. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale kufalitsa kosalekeza kwa okhazikika kwatsopano kwa okhazikika, kubweretsa zotsizira mchere mchere pamsika wa okhazikika pa zaka zana zapitazo. Mchere wotsogolera upangiri woperekedwa kuti uthetse fumbi ndi kufalikira kwachuluka pamtengo, koma umakhala ndi mwayi wopindika ndi mitundu ina ya okhazikika.
. Mwachitsanzo, maiko ambiri asinthanso mfundo zakumwa zakumwa madzi, ndipo sizingatheke kugwiritsa ntchito mchere womwe umatsogolera pa mapaipi a PVC.
. Chifukwa cha zomwe zili pamwambazi zakutsogolera Mchere Mchere, ndizoyenera kwambiri kutentha kwambiri. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazovuta zosiyanasiyana komanso zofewa komanso zida zofewa, monga zipika zosiyanasiyana, mbale, zamkati, zikopa zam'manja, zikopa zojambula za thonje. Zingwe, zolemba, zoweta, etc. Chofunikira kwambiri patsani chitsimikizo cha mchere ndi kutsogolera phosute, ndi dibisic kutsogolera osakhazikika.
1.3 Nkhondo Zaumoyo
(1) Kukhazikika bwino. Antic antic antivar ali ndi mtundu wofanana ndi utoto wofanana ndi wotsika wotsika ngati wopanga malo omwewo. M'magulu otayika mapasa otayika, zotsatira zake zimakhala zopambana mukamagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi calcium stearate. .
. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa anticted anticted kumakhala kochepa kwambiri, kotero kugwiritsa ntchito antict antic kumatha kukwaniritsa bwino / mtengo wabwino.
(3) Chogulitsacho sichili chopanda poizoni. Ku United States, pomwe mapasa ogulitsa mapasa amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapaipi a PVC, chipika cha PVC chomwe chimapangidwa ndi ma cperte olimbikitsa, calcium steate ndi mafuta ena (mtundu wina) malamulo).
(4) Utoto wosauka komanso wokhazikika. Kukongola kwa mankhwala opangidwa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe sizabwino monga okhazikika ngati orlotin, komanso otsika kuposa barium / fu ndi calcium / zimba za sopo. Imakhala pafupi ndi mchere wotsogolera ndipo ali ndi bata losakhazikika, anticy momwemonso ndi chokhazikika. Wothandizirayo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazinthu zomwe zimakhala zopanda pake popanda zofuna zamtundu. Nyimbo ya anticy yokha imafunikiranso kusungidwa mumtsuko wa opaque.
(5) Zosakwanira. Oukira ali ndi thanzi labwino. Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kuyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta popanda kupatula.
1.4 sopo wachitsulo
. Ubwino wake umawonetsedwanso chifukwa cha kusapezeka koyambirira, ndipo amatha kupanga zinthu zopanda utoto komanso zowonekera; Kukhazikika kwapamwamba kwambiri; Zimakhala ndi zotsatira zoteteza mpweya ndi kutsatira. . Komabe, chifukwa mchere wamchere ndi woopsa, pali malamulo okhwima popanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito malamulo athanzi. M'zaka zaposachedwa, kugwiritsa ntchito fuzao kwawonetsa mtsogolo.
. Chitsanzo cha sopo cha zinc mwachindunji chimasanduka chakuda pomwe, ndiye kuti, otchedwa "Zithunzi zowoneka bwino" zodabwitsa: kupaka utoto woyamba; Mphamvu yopewetsa zokongoletsera ndi zabwino; Zitha kusintha kukana kwa nyengo; Maso ambiri a zinc amadziwika kuti ndi okhazikika osagwirizana ndi poizoni, kotero angagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga zoopsa ndi sopo wa calcium.
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. Aluminium Stearate ndi ofanana ndi zinc Stearate, ndipo avomerezedwa ndi US FDA ndi Vinyl vinyl chniene chakudya cha chakudya cha chakudya; Stearic acid ndi potaziyamu osakhazikika nawonso sizakusoweka ndipo ndi amchere otsogola, sopo sopo ndi ma barium soAP.
. Phukusi limodzi la sopo limagwiritsidwa ntchito pakampani ya PVC, ndipo nthawi zambiri imakhala sopo zingapo zitsulo zingapo. Pawiri ichi sichophatikiza zophweka katundu, koma zimatenga mwayi pa synergy pakati pa zigawo zikuluzikulu. Wokhazikika wachitsulo nthawi zambiri umaphatikizapo thupi lalikulu (kuwoneka ngati sopo wachitsulo), zosungunulira chitsulo), zosungunulira, zowonjezera, zosintha madzi ). Malinga ndi mawonekedwe, imagawidwa m'magulu olimba ndi kuwiritsa madzi. Malinga ndi gawo lalikulu, itha kugawikana ka calcium / zinc Corteund, bauum / fu ophatikizika, baruum / zinc mortiser ali ndi gawo lolowera poizoni chifukwa sikuti ndi poizoni.
1.5 ried
. M'mapulogalamu ena, omwe ali ndi moyo wokhazikika amakhala ndi mwayi pang'ono kapena kusinthanso.
(2) Utoto wabwino. Mndandanda wokhazikika wa okhazikika padziko lapansi ali pafupi kwambiri ndi pvc remin, yomwe imatha kusintha mawonekedwe achikhalidwe ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito pamunda wa zinthu zomwe zili ndi zofunika kwambiri.
(3) Kukana nyengo yabwino. Zinthu zamtundu wapadziko lapansi zimatha kuyamwa 230-320nm ultraviolet kuwala. Chifukwa chake, padziko lapansi okhazikika zimakhala ndi zovuta zotsutsana ndipo ndizoyenera kwa zinthu zakunja monga matabwa a PVC ndi ma boloni.
(4) Zabwino zamagetsi. Okhazikika ena padziko lapansi omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kulowetsa chikhazikitso chenicheni mchere m'matumbo, ndi zida zawo zamagetsi ndizofanana ndi mchere wotsogolera.
(5) Osakhala poizoni, otetezeka komanso aukhondo. Zinthu zapansi pano ndi zinthu zotsika kwambiri ndipo zilibe zowopsa kwa thupi la munthu popanga, kukonza, mayendedwe ndi kusungidwa. Okhazikika padziko lapansi sakhala poizoni ndipo amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zakudya pazakudya ndi mankhwala azachipatala.
(6) Kuchita magwiridwe antchito kumakulidwe pang'ono. Pankhani ya kuchuluka kwa kachilomboka kwambiri padziko lapansi, komwe kumatulutsidwa kwa zinthuzo sikwabwino, ndipo pali chizolowezi chokakamira. Nthawi zambiri, zotsatira zabwino zitha kupezeka pogwiritsa ntchito stearic acid kapena calcium osagwirizana.
Chidule
1.6 Ogwiritsa ntchito zolimbitsa mabungwe othandizira okhazikika amaphatikizapo phosphote, epoxy soya, olepheretsa zolimbitsa thupi, ndipo nthawi zambiri amangodalira okhazikika. Kuphatikiza pa mankhwala monga mesaminocrotonic acid ester, zotumphukira, ndi diketone zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi okhazikika achitsulo kuti athandizenso zolimbitsa zitsulo, amakhalanso ndi zotsatira zina zolimbitsa thupi. Mafuta otere nthawi zambiri amatchedwa okhazikika okhazikika okhazikika. Ndi chitukuko cha okhazikika a PVC lero, kupita kwa omaliza zitsulo kumachedwa, ndipo kafukufukuyu ndi chitukuko cha otsutsa okhazikika sakugwira ntchito modzidzimutsa, omwe adapanga zochitika zazikulu m'munda wa PVC. Mabungwe othandizira samagwiritsidwa ntchito okha, ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito molumikizana ndi okhazikika okhazikika kuti apititsetse kukhazikika koyambirira kapena kusintha kwakanthawi.
